Clinical Quiz 1
Answer the following quiz by commenting below with question number and your choices.
Answers
Answer 1:
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is associated with cyanosis in the newborn.
TAPVC consists of an abnormality of blood flow in which all four pulmonary veins drain into systemic veins or the right atrium with or without pulmonary venous obstruction.
Systemic and pulmonary venous blood mix in the right atrium.
PDA, ASD and VSD are left to right shunts.
Answer 2:
It inhibits platelet aggregation through inhibition on both COX I and II. Clopidogrel inhibits ADP binding to platelet receptors.
Answer 3:
Patchy tubular necrosis
He would have findings of ischaemic acute tubular necrosis from cardiogenic shock.Fusion of podocyte foot processes is seen in minimal change glomerulonephritis.Glomerular crescents can complicate any glomerulopathy but, along with mesangial immune complex deposition, is usually an immune-mediated process.Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis is the ‘onion skin’ appearance of arterioles in malignant hypertension.
Answer 4:
Granuloma formation is not classically seen in cirrhosis, which can be micro- or macronodular in type.In the micronodular form, the nodules are less than 3 mm across with uniform liver involvement – seen in alcohol or biliary disease.In the macronodular form, there are larger nodules, classically seen in chronic viral hepatitis.
Answer 5:
Mitral stenosis is typically a consequence of childhood rheumatic fever, but congenital disease is well recognised.It is associated with a tapping apex beat, a loud S1, opening snap and mid-diastolic rumble with pre-systolic accentuation in those in sinus rhythm.The opening snap is characteristically lost with heavy valvular calcification.In particular mitral stenosis is poorly tolerated in pregnancy due to volume overload.It is well characterised by Doppler echocardiography.
Q5. 4.. Q4. 2.. Q2. 4
q1-total anamolous venous drainage
q2-cyclooxygenase inhibition
q3-patchy tubular necrosis
q4-granuloma formation
q5-opening snap is not heard when valve is heavely calcified1
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